LANGUAGES BY COUNTRIES
|
Afghanistan |
Pushtu, Dari Persian, other Turkic and minor
languages |
|
Albania |
|
|
Algeria |
|
|
Andorra |
|
|
Angola |
Bantu, Portuguese
(official) |
|
Antigua and Barbuda |
|
|
Argentina |
|
|
Armenia |
Armenian |
|
Australia |
English |
|
Austria |
German 98% (small Slovene, Croatian, and
Hungarian-speaking minorities) |
|
Azerbaijan |
Azerbaijani Turkic, 82%; Russian, 7%;
Armenian, 2% |
|
Bahamas |
English |
|
Bahrain |
Arabic (official), English, Farsi, Urdu |
|
Bangladesh |
Bangla (official), English |
|
Barbados |
English |
|
Belarus |
Belorussian (White Russian) |
|
Belgium |
Dutch (Flemish), 57%; French, 32%; bilingual
(Brussels), 10%; German, 0.7% |
|
Belize |
English (official), Creole, Spanish,
Garifuna, Mayan |
|
Benin |
French (official), African languages |
|
Bhutan |
Dzongkha (official) |
|
Bolivia |
Spanish (official), Quechua, Aymara, Guarani |
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
The language that used to be known as
Serbo-Croatian but is now known as Serbian, Croatian, or Bosnian, depending
on the speaker's ethnic and political affiliation. It is written in Latin and
Cyrillic |
|
Botswana |
English (official), Setswana |
|
Brazil |
Portuguese |
|
Brunei Darussalam |
Malay (official), Chinese, English |
|
Bulgaria |
Bulgarian |
|
Burkina Faso |
French (official), tribal languages |
|
Burundi |
Kirundi and French (official), Swahili |
|
Cambodia |
Khmer (official), French, English |
|
Cameroon |
French and English (both official); 24 major
African language groups |
|
Canada |
English, French (both official) |
|
Cape Verde |
Portuguese, Criuolo |
|
Central African Republic |
French (official), Sangho, Arabic, Hansa,
Swahili |
|
Chad |
French and Arabic (official), more than 100
tribal languages |
|
Chile |
Spanish |
|
China |
Chinese, Mandarin, also local dialects |
|
Colombia |
Spanish |
|
Comoros |
French and Arab (both official), Shaafi
Islam (Swahili dialect), Malagasu |
|
Congo |
French (official), Lingala, Kikongo, others |
|
Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
French (official), Swahili, Lingala,
Ishiluba, and Kikongo, others |
|
Costa Rica |
Spanish |
|
Côte d'Ivoire |
French (official) and African languages
(Diaula esp.) |
|
Croatia |
What was once known as Serbo-Croatian is now
known as Serbian, Croatian, or Bosnian, depending on the speaker's political
and ethnic affiliation |
|
Cuba |
Spanish |
|
Cyprus |
Greek, Turkish (official), English is widely
spoken |
|
Czech Republic |
Czech; Slovak minority |
|
Denmark |
Danish, Faeroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit
dialect), small German-speaking minority |
|
Djibouti |
Arabic and French (both official), Afar,
Somali |
|
Dominica |
English (official) and French patois |
|
Dominican Republic |
Spanish, English widely spoken |
|
Ecuador |
Spanish (official), Quechua |
|
Egypt |
Arabic |
|
El Salvador |
Spanish |
|
Equatorial Guinea |
Spanish (official), French (2nd official),
pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Creole |
|
Eritrea |
Afar, Bilen, Kunama, Nara, Arabic, Tobedawi,
Saho, Tigre, Tigrinya |
|
Estonia |
Estonian (official), Russian, Finnish,
English |
|
Ethiopia |
Amharic (official), English, Orominga,
Tigrigna, over 70 languages spoken |
|
Fiji |
Fijian, Hindustani, English (official) |
|
Finland |
Finnish, Swedish (both official); small
Sami- (Lapp) and Russian-speaking minorities |
|
France |
French, declining regional dialects
(Provençal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican) |
|
Gabon |
French (official), Fang, Myene, Bateke,
Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi |
|
Gambia, The |
Native tongues, English (official) |
|
Georgia |
Georgian (official), 71%; Russian, 9%;
Armenian, 7%; Azerbaijani, 6% |
|
Germany |
German |
|
Ghana |
English (official), Native tongues (Brong
Ahafo, Twi, Fanti, Ga, Ewe, Dagbani) |
|
Greece |
Greek |
|
Grenada |
English |
|
Guatemala |
Spanish, Indian languages |
|
Guinea |
French (official), native tongues (Malinké,
Susu, Fulani) |
|
Guinea-Bissau |
Portuguese Criolo, African languages |
|
Guyana |
English (official), Amerindian dialects |
|
Haiti |
Creole and French (both official) |
|
Honduras |
Spanish (official), English widely spoken in
business |
|
Hungary |
Magyar (Hungarian), 98.2%; other, 1.8% |
|
Iceland |
Icelandic |
|
India |
Hindi (official), English (official),
Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil,
Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi (all recognized by the
constitution). Dialects, 1,652 |
|
Indonesia |
Bahasa Indonesia (official), Dutch, English,
and more than 583 languages and dialects |
|
Iran |
Farsi (Persian), Azari, Kurdish, Arabic |
|
Iraq |
Arabic (official) and Kurdish |
|
Ireland |
English, Irish Gaelic |
|
Israel |
Hebrew (official), Arabic, English |
|
Italy |
Italian; small German-, French-, and
Slovene-speaking minorities |
|
Jamaica |
English, Jamaican Creole |
|
Japan |
Japanese |
|
Jordan |
Arabic (official), English |
|
Kazakhstan |
Kazak (Qazaq), official language spoken by
over 40% of population; Russian, official language spoken by two-thirds of
population and used in everyday business |
|
Kenya |
English (official), Swahili (national), and several
other languages spoken by 25 ethnic groups |
|
Kiribati |
English (official), I-Kiribati (Gilbertese) |
|
Korea, North |
Korean |
|
Korea, South |
Korean |
|
Kuwait |
Arabic (official), English |
|
Kyrgyzstan |
Kyrgyz (official); Russian is de facto
second language of communication |
|
Laos |
Lao (official), French, English |
|
Latvia |
Latvian |
|
Lebanon |
Arabic (official), French, English |
|
Lesotho |
English and Sesotho (official); also Zulu
and Xhosa |
|
Liberia |
English (official) and tribal dialects |
|
Libya |
Arabic, Italian and English widely
understood in major cities |
|
Liechtenstein |
German (official), Alemmanic dialect |
|
Lithuania |
Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian |
|
Luxembourg |
Luxermbourgish, French, German |
|
Macedonia |
Macedonian, which uses the Cyrillic
alphabet, 70%; Albanian, 21%; Turkish, 3%; other, 6% |
|
Madagascar |
Malagasy and French (both official) |
|
Malawi |
English and Chichewa (both official) |
|
Malaysia |
Malay (official), Chinese, Tamil, English |
|
Maldives |
Dhivehi (official); Arabic, Hindi, and
English are also spoken |
|
Mali |
French (official), African languages |
|
Malta |
Maltese and English (both official) |
|
Marshall Islands |
Both Marshallese and English are official
languages. Marshallese is a language in the Malayo-Polynesian family |
|
Mauritania |
Arabic (official) and French |
|
Mauritius |
English (official), French, Creole, Hindi,
Urdu, Hakka, Bojpoori |
|
Mexico |
Spanish, Indian languages |
|
Micronesia |
English is the official and common language;
major indigenous languages are Chukese, Pohnpeian, Yapase, and Kosrean |
|
Moldova |
Moldovan (official; virtually the same as
Romanian), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect) |
|
Monaco |
French (official), English, Italian,
Monégasque |
|
Mongolia |
Mongolian, 90%; also Turkic, Russian, and
Chinese |
|
Morocco |
Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects,
Spanish |
|
Mozambique |
Portuguese (official), Bantu languages |
|
Myanmar |
Burmese, minority languages |
|
Namibia |
Afrikaans, German, English (official),
several indigenous |
|
Nauru |
Nauruan (official) and English |
|
Nepal |
Nepali (official), Newari, Bhutia, Maithali |
|
The Netherlands |
Dutch, Frisian |
|
New Zealand |
English (official), Maori |
|
Nicaragua |
Spanish |
|
Niger |
French (official); Hausa; Songhai; Arabic |
|
Nigeria |
English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, and
more than 200 others |
|
Norway |
Two official forms of Norwegian: Bokmål and
Nynorsk |
|
Oman |
Arabic (official); also English and Indian
languages |
|
Pakistan |
Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi
variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui
1%, English, Burushaski, and others |
|
Palau |
Palauan, English (official) |
|
Palestinian State (proposed) |
Arabic, Hebrew, English, French |
|
Panama |
Spanish (official); many bilingual in
English |
|
Papua New Guinea |
English, Tok Pisin (a Melanesian Creole
English), Hiri Motu, and 717 distinct native languages |
|
Paraguay |
Spanish (official), Guaraní |
|
Peru |
Spanish and Quéchua (both official), Aymara,
and other native languages |
|
The Philippines |
Filipino (based on Tagalog) and English
(both official); regional languages: Tagalog, Ilocano, Cebuano, others |
|
Poland |
Polish |
|
Portugal |
Portuguese |
|
Qatar |
Arabic (official); English is also widely
spoken |
|
Romania |
Romanian (official); Hungarian- and
German-speaking minorities |
|
Russia |
Russian, others |
|
Rwanda |
Kinyarwanda, French, and English (all
official) |
|
St. Lucia |
English (official) and patois |
|
St. Vincent and The Grenadines |
English (official), French patois |
|
Samoa |
Samoan and English |
|
San Marino |
Italian |
|
São Tomé and Príncipe |
Portuguese |
|
Saudi Arabia |
Arabic, English widely spoken |
|
Senegal |
French (official); Wolof, Serer, other
ethnic dialects |
|
Seychelles |
English and French (both official), and
Seselwa (a creole) |
|
Sierra Leone |
English (official), Mende, Temne, Krio |
|
Singapore |
Malay, Chinese (Mandarin), Tamil, English
(all official) |
|
Slovakia |
Slovak (official), Hungarian |
|
Slovenia |
Slovenian; most can also speak Serbo-Croatian |
|
Solomon Islands |
English, Solomon Pijin (an English pidgin),
over 60 indigenous Melanesian languages |
|
Somalia |
Somali (official), Arabic, English, Italian |
|
South Africa |
Xhosa and Zulu (official), English,
Afrikaans, Ndebele, Sesotho sa Leboa, Sesotho, Swati, Xitsonga, Setswana,
Tshivenda |
|
Spain |
Castilian Spanish 74% (official), Catalan
17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2% |
|
Sri Lanka |
Sinhala (official), Tamil, English |
|
Sudan |
Arabic (official), English, tribal dialects |
|
Suriname |
Dutch (official), Surinamese (lingua
franca), English widely spoken |
|
Swaziland |
English and Swazi (official) |
|
Sweden |
Swedish |
|
Switzerland |
German, French, Italian (all official),
Romansch |
|
Syria |
Arabic (official), French and English widely
understood |
|
Taiwan |
Chinese (Mandarin) |
|
Tajikistan |
Tajik |
|
Tanzania |
Swahili and English (both official), local
languages |
|
Thailand |
Thai (Siamese), Chinese, English |
|
Togo |
French (official), Ewé, Mina (south), Kabyé,
Cotocoli (north), and many dialects |
|
Tonga |
Tongan (an Austronesian language), English |
|
Trinidad and Tobago |
English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish |
|
Tunisia |
Arabic (official), French |
|
Turkey |
Turkish |
|
Turkmenistan |
Turkmen, 72%; Russian, 12%; Uzbek, 9% |
|
Tuvalu |
Tuvaluan, English |
|
Uganda |
English (official), Swahili, Luganda, Ateso,
Luo |
|
Ukraine |
Ukrainian |
|
United Arab Emirates |
Arabic (official), English as a second
language |
|
United Kingdom |
English, Welsh, Scots Gaelic |
|
United States |
English, sizable Spanish-speaking minority |
|
Uruguay |
Spanish |
|
Uzbekistan |
Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%,
other 7.1% |
|
Vanuatu |
Bislama (a Melanesian pidgin English),
English, French (all 3 official) |
|
Vatican City (Holy See) |
Latin, Italian, and various other languages |
|
Venezuela |
Spanish (official), various indigenous
languages in the remote interior |
|
Vietnam |
Vietnamese (official), French, English,
Khmer, Chinese |
|
Western Sahara |
Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic |
|
Yemen |
Arabic |
|
Yugoslavia |
Serbian 95%, Albanian 5%. What was once
known as Serbo-Croatian is now known as Serbian, Croatian, or Bosnian,
depending on the speaker's political and ethnic affiliation. It is written in
Latin and Cyrillic |
|
Zambia |
English (official) and local dialects |
|
Zimbabwe |
English (official), Ndebele, Shona (85%) |